an intermediate; for instance,Mężczyźni Barbour Waxed Kurtka, in the sphere of numbers there will be number which is neither odd nor not-odd. But this is impossible, as is obvious from the definition.-Again, the process will go on ad infinitum,Vauvan Cg Snow Bunting Suomi, and the number of realities will be not only half as great again, but even greater. For again it will be possible to deny this intermediate with reference both to its assertion and to its negation,CG Menn Selkirk Parka Norge Salg, and this new term will be some definite thing; for its essence is something different.-Again, when a man,Menn Moncler Arcs Norge Salg, on being asked whether a thing is white, says ‘no’, he has denied nothing except that it is; and its not being is a negation.
Some people have acquired this opinion as other paradoxical opinions have been acquired; when men cannot refute eristical arguments,Menn Moncler Montgenevre, they give in to the argument and agree that the conclusion is true. This,Naiset Cg Hybridge Lite Jacket Suomi, then, is why some express this view; others do so because they demand a reason for everything. And the starting-point in dealing with all such people is definition. Now the definition rests on the necessity of their meaning something; for the form of words of which the word is a sign will be its definition.-While the doctrine of Heraclitus,Canada Goose Hybridge Hoody Kurtka, that all things are and are not, seems to make everything true,Climarron, that of Anaxagoras, that there is an intermediate between the terms of a contradiction, seems to make everything false; for when things are mixed, the mixture is neither good nor not-good, so that one cannot say anything that is true.
Book IV Chapter 8
In view of these distinctions it is obvious that the one-sided theories which some people express about all things cannot be valid-on the one hand the theory that nothing is true (for, say they,Chaussures New Balance 577, there is nothing to prevent every statement from being like the statement ‘the diagonal of a square is commensurate with the side’), on the other hand the theory that everything is true. These views are practically the same as that of Heraclitus; for he who says that all things are true and all are false also makes each of these statements separately, so that since they are impossible, the double statement must be impossible too.-Again, there are obviously contradictories which cannot be at the same time true-nor on the other hand can all statements be false; yet this would seem more possible in the light of what has been said.-But against all such views we must postulate,CG Dame Victoria Parka, as we said above,’ not that something is or is not,Belstaff Daytona Blouson Kurtki, but that something has a meaning,Chaussures New Balance 881, so that we must argue from a definition, viz. by assuming what falsity or truth means. If that which it is true to affirm is nothing other than that which it is false to deny, it is impossible that all statements should be false; for one side of the contradiction must be true. Again, if it is necessary with regard to everything either to assert or to deny it, it is impossible that both should be false; for it is one side of the contradiction that is false.-Therefore all such views are also exposed to the often expressed objection, that they destroy themselves. For he who says
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